The History of the European Space Agency

Multicultural Marketing - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3011 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2018/12/18 Category Marketing Essay Type Research paper Level High school Tags: Organization Essay Did you like this example? Abstract This research proposal aims at investigating, examining, and evaluating strategies of multicultural sales employees in the Auckland residential housing market. Also, there is an identification of differences in the multicultural sales employees, to assist the organization to identify specific issues that would improve overall market efficiency. The introduction explains the multicultural sale employees. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Multicultural Marketing" essay for you Create order The literature review gives main points of the strategic multicultural sales employees. Methods, results, and discussions, supplement the literature review information to complete the research proposal. This research helps all concerned parties in an organization, to understand the position of multicultural sales employees in the Auckland residential housing market. Introduction Multicultural marketing involves marketing to one or more target group of a specific ethnicity. Multicultural marketing is improved by the different cultures in the ethnic groups. Some advantages that accrue due to communication and persuading the audience are traditions, celebrations, language, and religion. Consumers from different cultural background have mixed motives, perceptions, and beliefs that Multicultural marketing allows. International marketing would work with the national marketing to understand the Multicultural marketing of the region. There are some ways of having Multicultural sales employees in an organization (Arnett, 2014). First, as the top authority of a company, one should work with the human resource staffers. This helps to diversify the organizations workforce. Second, a high administration should get buy-in from the sales force members. In this way, hiring a professional to perform counseling on diversity, suits. Other methods are exploring the communitys c oncentration of minorities, work a fully cognizant recruiter, having a mentioning system in place, get to know the relationship among sales staffers, and maintain a level of the playing field. In the research, there would be examining, investigating, and evaluating strategies of Multicultural sales employees in the Auckland residential housing marketing. Bar foot Thompsons is the company that is to be referred to as the point of reference. The main aim is to identify the sales employees difference and help the organization note major issues that will improve the market efficiency. Barfoot Thompsons are found IN New Zealand, and it is the largest privately owned Real Estate Company. The company practices Multicultural marketing that helps it and in other ways affects it negatively (Arnett, 2014). Dwelling on the negatives to improve the status of the organization is the main aim of the proposal. There are communication challenges that are as a result of Multicultural marketing in Barfoot Thompsons Company in Auckland. Such problems to be addressed are direct versus indirect communication, accents and fluency trouble, hierarchy and authorities having different values, an d different norms for decision making. There are two variables in the Multicultural marketing. Employees perception and business performance are the variables that would change the situation at the Multicultural marketing. Thesis: despite Multicultural marketing having advantages to a company, it has demerits that would drag a business behind, not unless these cons are considered and appropriate measures applied to them. My research revolves around the Multicultural marketing of the sales employees in Barfoot Thompsons Company. It will locate the issues that make the company not to perform, that originate from the Multicultural matters, and address them accordingly (Arnett, 2014). The fundamental concept here is Multicultural marketing, which merely means having different cultures in the business places. Therefore, Multicultural marketing is the matter of concern that needs to be examined, investigated, and evaluated. Literature review This research deals with the current issues that affect Multicultural marketing in Barfoot Thompsons Company. Multicultural involves different cultures in working in the same place. Such perceptions have various ways of handling problems in real life situation. Once they are together, there needs to be a general guidance that would direct them to work together to reduce the difference gap. Overlooking the unity in such a scenario would widen the gap and hence support sharp division amongst the employees of a Company (Arnett, 2014). Therefore, eliminating the differences by having major combining factors is suitable because both the employees and the workers would benefit. There are four main issues of concern in the Multicultural marketing of sales employees in Barfoot Thompsons Company. These demerits are direct versus indirect communication, trouble with fluency and accents, different perceptions towards hierarchy and authority, and various norms for decision making. These chall enges concentrate on the transmission of the Company. Communication is a crucial concept in organizations without which, agencies will perform terribly (Basham et al., 2015). Indirect versus indirect connection, there is comparability between the Western and non-western cultures. The Western civilization is termed direct because it is obvious. The other religions express themselves in different ways. Hence, communication between the non-western and Western is a problem. The challenge comes in the verbal communication; thus the other parties result in communicating with signs. The trouble with accents and fluency is the other challenge that sales employees working in Barfoot Thompsons Company face. People who do not use English would meet the challenge of low self-esteem. They think that they are not recognized and noticed in the running of the business. Hence, this results in part of the employees not contributing to the success of the company. This situation causes interpersonal conflict and frustrates the affected people. Different attitude (Basham et al., 2015)es towards hierarchy and authority are the third issue. Some cultures have employees treated differently according to their ranks. The workforce ends up being disconnected, making some employees feel left out and not recognized. The final part of the challenges in the communication sector in the Barfoot Thompsons Company is the norms that conflict with decision making. Different cultures have their specific ways of reaching an argument and make final decisions. This entails the time it takes to make a decision and steps followed in making the decisions. This comes in as a challenge when people of different cultures are brought together (Basham et al., 2015). If there were directions of what to do, profound differences would be created in the meantime. All these four challenges in the communication sector of the Company are real and can be tackled. Communication means everything to an organization. Proper communication channels laid in any group of the relevant parties to follow enable a good performance from the body, thus portraying a right image to the external environment. Poor communication methods in an organization should hence be discarded. A culture of awareness is built in the prosperous agencies to inspire employees have unity despite their cultural differences (Basham et al., 2015). The result of a good relationship amongst the employees and between the employees and the employer has positive effects. Collaborations, new ideas, and different perspectives are some of the positive outcomes of having best communication channels. Methods In this research, there are various ways that I used to examine, investigate, and evaluate the strategies of Multicultural sales employees in the Auckland residential housing market. The methods helped me solve the crude problems that encounter them as workers of different cultural background (Demangeot et al., 2015). These plans were using of questionnaires, having face to face conversation with some of the employees, using previous researchers conducted to solve the problem, and getting some information from bodies that are concerned with employees welfare. Questionnaires were a great deal. I produced some copies that could be answered by relevant people and went to distribute them. In the inquiries were questions like: What are the most significant challenges that employees face? What invigorates the situation? How do you curb the challenges? What are the results of having control of the situation? All questions from various Companies were well answered. I thought it appropriate for Barfoot Thompsons Company to follow the same to have an improvement in their communication sector. Face to face communication was helpful too. Going to various companies and asking them direct questions of what they encounter was appropriate. It also gave them the courage to speak out from the bottom of their heart thus psychologically solving the internal fight due to the issue (Erford, 2017). This strategy was perfect because everyone could explain to me what they are going through and possible solutions or what they went through and how they solved the problems. I took notes on the most sensitive and general parts, which I thought they could be helpful to the employees at Barfoot Thompsons Company. I realized the answers and situations from various organizations were common and knew they could have positive impacts on the problems. There were researches done before over the same issue on different organizations. Such documented activities were of great importance to my research too. According to what was recorded for the past periods, employees who face the same cultural-based problems came up with different routes of handling the situation (Feldman, 2016). Some could talk to one another to have the problem solved. Those who had high differences involved mediators in presiding over solving the problems. Also, top authorities paid for seminars for the employees to appreciate the differences they have regarding cultural diversity. These tips were constructive and applicable according to my rational thinking and empirical approach to human normalcy. I included them in summary in my research to help solve the current and relative problems. Barfoot Thompsons Company found it necessary to have the same applied to its employees too. Some bodies cater for the welfare of employees. These agencies are conversant with predicaments employees go through and give solutions to such problems. Hence I found it according to approach such institutions to have an idea of how they view cultural differences amongst employees. The management explained to me the same issues I encountered while having a direct conversation with the employees (Haubl, 2015). Also, the authority in the institutions gave me appropriate and most effective ways of controlling the differences amongst the employees in any organizations. I added on what I had what I found to be a new development in handling the issue of employees cultural diversity. The team that caters to the employees welfare was concerned and gave me all detailed information of what I asked for. Results Despite the drawbacks that face a company which is comprised of employees with different cultural values, there are various ways of dealing with the situation. Some of the central actions to be taken are keeping an open mind, having at least some knowledge of peoples culture, practicing active listening, and watching personal non-verbal communication (Jafari Visconti, 2015). Keeping an open mind refers to being ready to learn, grow, and strengthen ones belief. It also builds up the culture of being honest. Being open-minded facilitates honesty because one admits that they do not know all things around. Being open-minded encourages one to need to know more than what they already know. There are benefits of being open-minded that helps in the proper running of an organization (Koppelman, 2016). The pros from practicing open-mindedness are letting go of control, experiencing changes, makes one being vulnerable, people would make mistakes and learn from them, strengthening oneself, bein g honest, and gaining confidence. When all these are practiced, it means being open-minded would help employees curb their differences. Also, having some knowledge of peoples culture is vital for reducing the gap created by a difference in employees culture. Unity is the last resort amongst the employees once they understand what the other culture requires (Miley et al., 2016). This is brought up by being open-minded: ready to learn. Some advantages of knowing other peoples culture are, dismantling the dominance by some religion, employees becoming more efficient, the new level of awareness develops, work becomes more efficient, and opportunities are recognized in every encounter. Contrary to the diversification situation, knowing peoples culture helps bring the people working together close to one another and erase the doubts. Dominating the environment by one culture becomes obsolete under this application. Appreciating the presence of different cultures makes the other parties feel involved hence working together without majority and minority. Employees become efficient at their workplaces because there is increased interaction and people are ready to work by the rules of the organization (Nardo et al., 2017). Also, there would be a development of new levels of awareness. The different cultures would express their grievances and such an exchange when absorbed inclusively, the work flow is maintained at a flat rate. Therefore, the smoothness of the workflow makes the work more efficient. Such a free working zone enables the employees to realize new opportunities since all concentration is converged at work. Practicing active listening is another way of reducing the diversity amongst workers. If people would avoid ignorance and appreciate what the other parties tell them, this leads to a healthy working environment among the employees (Pertersan et al., 2015). Listening improves the employees ability to understand one another well and look for appropriate solutions to problems affecting their work, rather than being separated. Finally, watching ones non-verbal communication is vital in the presence of Multicultural marketing. Non-verbal communication comes in different ways among the different cultures. Despite the fact, there are general non-verbal communications that are accepted globally. In a situation where the employees cannot communicate well verbally, they are advised to use appropriate non-verbal communications, like using signs to convey messages. Therefore, using the worldwide non-verbal communication is suitable because it would make it simple for the people working together understand one another (Seo, 2015). Such an act would reduce disagreements, save time, and lead to improved production of quality goods and services. Hence, improving the communication levels at workplaces entailing cultural diversity lessen the difference gap and ends up having quality results. Discussions Employees have the same issues to address when it comes to cultural diversity. When they are working together, and as norm find that they differ in their perception about approaching the same thing, they end up organizing themselves on how to encounter the problem. Such a move is crucial to the workers as it helps them have unity and get the way forward. It saves time and keeps organizations on the track of the strategic plan they had since the beginning. Also, loopholes that occur within communication channels are sealed, and activities carried on swiftly. I realized that cultural diversity ha more harm than good when practiced among employees working in the same organization (Basham et al., 2015). Parallel cultural practices when curbed would lead to employees sorting out issues that are of concern to them hence improving the organizations performance level. The problems were sorted out after enough research was done. Communication is the main problem that employees would suffer from in their endeavors to perform in their respective organizations. Questions that related to the communication channels were, direct versus indirect communication, trouble with accents and fluency, different attitudes towards hierarchy and authority, and various norms for decision making (Basham et al., 2015). The variables which were employees perception and business performance were affected too. Employees thoughts could be positive if directed well and negative if the relevant parties did not bother. Also, when the employees worked together, the business would perform better, compared to when they are divided. Hence, unity amongst the employees was found to be a vital issue. Such togetherness erased negative thoughts and encouraged the employees to work well. Conclusion In conclusion, examining, investigating, and evaluating strategies of multicultural sales employees in the Auckland residential housing market as possible. Though there were cons realized due to the different cultural practices by the employees working together, steps to curb such developments were arrived at in excellent condition (Basham et al., 2015). Problems that led to employees differences were direct versus indirect communications, trouble with accents and fluency, different attitudes towards hierarchy and authority, and different norms for decision making. Though the issues were chronic, I found possible solutions through using questionnaires, face-to-face approach, using previous researchers conducted, and getting information from bodies that cater for the welfare of the employees. Variables affected were found to be employees views on working for organizations and how the business performed. Multicultural marketing acknowledges the difference in how employees think, intrinsic motives and beliefs among the consumers who have various cultures, and makes use of norms in the literature from different cultures to have organizations benefit more. Cultural differences need to be pinned out for a multicultural marketing to succeed (Basham et al., 2015). International marketing has to work with national marketing to reduce the cultural diversity amongst the employees. Global marketing assesses national marketing through social media, education, Gross Domestic Product, and product category data. Both secondary and primary data assist in determining the cultural value. Primary data need face to face communication in handling the issue. Secondary data are approaches like going to the institutions that cater for the employees welfare. Individual data are combined at the national level and linked to the country level or pre-existing country-level measures. Hence, cultural diversity i s solved, and employees work accordingly. References Arnett, J. J. (2014). Adolescence and emerging adulthood. Boston, MA: Pearson. Basham, K., Byers, D. S., Heller, N. R., Hertz, M., Kumaria, S., Mattei, L., Shilkret, C. J. (2016). Inside out and outside in: Psychodynamic clinical theory and psychopathology in contemporary multicultural contexts. Rowman Littlefield. Demangeot, C., Broderick, A. J., Craig, C. S. (2015). Multicultural marketplaces: new territory for international marketing and consumer research. International Marketing Review, 32(2), 118-140. Erford, B. T. (2017). Orientation to the counseling profession: Advocacy, ethics, and essential professional foundations. Pearson. Feldman, R. S. (2016). Life span development: A topical approach. Pearson. Hubl, G. (2015). Consumers perceptions of uni-and bi-national products: the interaction of country of origin and brand name. In Proceedings of the 1996 Multicultural Marketing Conference (pp. 61-61). Springer, Cham. Jafari, A., Visconti, L. M. (2015). New directions in researching ethnicity in marketing and consumer behaviour: A well-being agenda. Marketing Theory, 15(2), 265-270. Koppelman, K. L. (2016).? Understanding human differences: Multicultural education for a diverse America. Pearson. Miley, K. K., OMelia, M. W., DuBois, B. L. (2016). Generalist social work practice: An empowering approach. Pearson. Nardon, L., Steers, R. M., Sanchez-Runde, C. J. (2017). Developing Multicultural Competence. Challenge. Petersen, J. A., Kushwaha, T., Kumar, V. (2015). Marketing communication strategies and consumer financial decision making: The role of national culture. Journal of Marketing, 79(1), 44-63. Seo, Y., Gao, H. (2015). Towards a value-based perspective of consumer multicultural orientation. European Management Journal, 33(1), 30-36.

The bauhaus related to 2014 fashion Free Essays

The Aesthetic Of Bauhaus and Current Trends Following WWW, as much of Germany lay in despair, Bauhaus thrived as a revolutionary, inspired and unique School breaking down the perceived class barriers between craftsmen and fine artists. Founded in 1919 by Architect Walter Groping, Bauhaus modernized the Art Industry and Education, influencing all aspects of design today. As fashion, like art, progresses in cycles, inspiring and influencing each other through the creation of their designs, it would have been an ideal for Bauhaus and its collective education. We will write a custom essay sample on The bauhaus related to 2014 fashion or any similar topic only for you Order Now The communal teaching of design basics to all iris year students meant all disciplines adopted a visionary approach to composition integrating simplicity, functionality and bare boned structure. The Wassail Chair is an iconic example of Bauhaus aesthetic, completely reducing the classic club chair to its fundamental form whilst retaining comfort and style. Inspired by the tubular steel framing of his bicycle, Marcel Brewer created the Wassail chair to be seamless. Engaged with the transparency of the form†, Brewer created a mere structural outline of what then was considered the standard, contributing immensely to the Bauhaus aesthetic we know today. In Fashion we see the same structural aesthetic in pieces like La File Do’s â€Å"One† Bra. The singular steel underline sculpts the body leaving only the bare necessities of the common bra, focusing on its foundation. Using minimal detailing in the cups, opting for a soft mesh, the bra focuses on the structure; the n owhere and straps. Both Brewer and La File DO keep color to the minimum, using black or plain monochromatic schemes to further accentuate the framework of the designs. Rejecting the bourgeois detail plastering Germany at the time, Bauhaus students instead took the opposite direction. By completely striping back all decoration, even reducing color back to primary’s and shades, they created a new take on architecture. Using geometric blocks and unconventional materials they constructed simple yet intriguing designs. The same can be said for modern fashion. Structured outfits in block colors are always popular as they provide a sleek and sophisticated look, such as with 3. 1 Phillip Limb’s SIS 14 collection. As Bauhaus students used geometric boxes to create interesting shapes for buildings, Limit does the same for women. The square boxed white Jacket although seemingly plain creates an incredibly smooth and angular silhouette, the oversized structure building off her body emulating perfectly the white cubic buildings most associated with the Bauhaus aesthetic. During the first year of Bauhaus education, Color Theory was intensely studied. Josef Teen, teacher of said subject and inventor of the 12-hue color wheel believed â€Å"Color is life; for a world without color appears to us as dead. Colors are primordial ideas, the children of light. † The psychology and audience perception of color developed at Bauhaus is still an extremely relevant source to all designers today, helping designers portray different emotion through color and hue. Whilst at Bauhaus, Teen developed a series of seven methodologies for coordinating color using hue. One methodology in particular, saturation, was adopted into some of the most famous artworks to come out of Bauhaus such as Josef Albert â€Å"Homage to the Square† in which Albert created the exact same square filled with consistently smaller squares and changed the feeling of each art work using only hue and saturation of the color. This saturation is best shown in an exercise from Paul Kale’s lour class depicting the different shades of red moving down the scale. In Channel’s SIS 14 collection we also see the emotional effect of saturating colors. On the pure white canvas of flowing capes and summer dresses Karl Loggerhead paints graduating swatches, each color swiftly moving from dark to barely there light, while the dress graduates from dark forest greens to soft pastels. Paintbrushes and pallets adorn the models hands as they walk and the youth and creativity of the collection shines through instantly. Bauhaus considered typography to be another kind of building, literally studying the Truckee of letters and characters, the flexibility each character held and the visual effect they had on the audience. The Bauhaus font otherwise known as the â€Å"Universal† font was a meticulously sculpted style that was simple, clean and modern. The rise of typography heralded the rise of graphic advertising, a strategy that would quickly be picked up by most if not all design disciplines, none so ferociously as fashion. Designer brands like Louis Button and Channel are not only instantly recognizable but intrinsically valuable for bearing their particular typeface as part of their branding. In fashion, Typography is used as a hook for customer engagement, often aimed at teenage girls. Typography is the quickest way to get your demographic to relate to your brand. Although not considered a typically high-class trait in fashion, brands like Mission, DENY and Jeremy Scott have taken up the typography trend successfully with their graphic fonts plastered over Jumpers, dresses and anything you can print on. Although nearly one century old, Bauhaus continues to influence many aspects of design. The flesh and bone structure, simplicity of design and geometric blocked out hopes are all still extremely relevant in the fashion and art of today. How to cite The bauhaus related to 2014 fashion, Essays

Ideology and Historicism in Contemporary Literary Essay Example For Students

Ideology and Historicism in Contemporary Literary Essay TheoryIdeology does not exist as an individual, independent entity. Unless one was self-raised from birth in the wilderness as a solitary soul, then ideology is a collective, cultural force that is taught. Even if we were raised like Tarzan by the apes, we would share the values of the apes- or, less drastically, raised alone in a cave, it would be highly unlikely that our values would be very different from someone who valued nature, or survival, sun/moon/rain worshipping, etc. Ideologies are illustrated, explained and demonstrated through the things we read. We have argued that the ideology of the author often taints the meaning of the written text, but also that the authors meaning is obsolete when the readers ideology supersedes the authors and takes over as meaning. Ideologies exist, however, independently of one another. Cultural circumstances dictate the things we value; women, for example, are viewed and treated differently from culture to culture, country to country. Additio nally, since we are taught the things we believe, it is entirely possible to separate imaginative sympathy and ideology when regarding a text. The redundancy of this question makes my head spin. Literary criticism and literary theory separate theories, a.k.a. ideologies. We come up with a list of isms to categorize these ideologies- feminism(s), Marxism, (multi)culturalism, historicism The Contemporary Criticism class itself teaches us to approach texts with these separate ideologies in mind and examine them with those ideological tools. Even the precursor to the Contemporary Criticism class teaches ideology and how to apply it to a novel, to approach that novel with an ideology that isnt necessarily one we agree with. A novel then can be appreciated politically and subjectively, if you will, for its competence or incompetence in illustrating the ideology of one or more groups of people. It may be appreciated in a colder, more scientific, examinative light as a brilliant piece in hi story, as Tuckers so ineloquently explains of Ruskins opinion of Brownings poem. It can explain the human condition, examine its place in history, what it means to feminism, et cetera, and we all get to appreciate the intellectual value of the poem. Novels and poetry and literature can instruct- if we choose for it to do so. But it must be approached as a teaching tool- hence, we must bring historicism to the text, or Marxism, or whatever. But that cold calculation is far separate from emotional respect. The educational institution throws a list of books at us and tells us to study them. For what? Not for their emotional aesthetic. Hardly. The education system is a cultural and ideological tool for mass culture and unified thought. It seems natural that unified thought means unified ideology. So? Dont encourage the aesthetic. The educational system doesnt give a darn if the student enjoys the book (thats not the point), but whether or not they can drain every ounce of relevant intel lectual information out of it. Really, who reads Heart of Darkness for pleasure anymore? Its become an instructional tool to teach what? Imperialism bad. White people bad. Abused natives. History history politics. But! Can Heart of Darkness be read for pleasure? Absolutely- depending on personal taste of course, which is different than ideology. I can appreciate it if I want to. Its just a matter of taking it home and reading it for the sake of reading it- for the enjoyment of reading. To what end? Aesthetic opposes intellect, right? Maybe not. Perhaps I should be asking, what is the point of literary theory and criticism? Literary theory opposes itself- it teaches us to examine the texts we have with ideologies. But by doing so, the meanings of the text are lost upon us. Dissect it and it is no longer in the hands of the authors. It is a historical thing yet something separate of era, something separate of its author and layered in meanings upon meanings, and part of a Canon that d efines its worth by its author and its place in history. The things we read define us as scholars because we read or dont read the things that are or are not intellectual. But intellect- literary theory- exists because of what it is not. Aesthetic. As Martha Nussbaum mentions, the public imagination and public rationality are both shaped and nourished by literature. Visions of humanity- ideology are shaped by the aesthetic. Aesthetic is not in opposition with intellect, as Tucker states, but in symbiosis with it. While one exists because of what it isnt (lest I get into semiotics here) they also exist because of what the other accomplishes. Aesthetic, dreaming, imagination and possibility are the seeds of new ideology. Present ideology, once again drifting towards the Tucker team, will soon be past ideology. Why? Because nothing stays the same forever. The value of the aesthetic reader, he who reads for enjoyment, shouldnt be discredited for not reading for the sheer intellect of it . Where would politics and economy and culture and our value systems be if it werent for people who have visions of a different social life. Things can always be better. Nor should I bash the intellectual reader, who wants to know why humanity is the way it is. Is the way we feel so less valuable than the way we think? Psychologists would have to say no- they make a living by it. To conclude with cheese the heart can say one thing while the head says another. It happens all the time. We may not be emotionally moved by a text but we sure as heck can read it intellectually. Or, heaven forbid, we enjoy a text for the way it makes us feel and then go and pick it apart until were blue in the face. Schools make us do it all the time. .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9 , .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9 .postImageUrl , .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9 , .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9:hover , .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9:visited , .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9:active { border:0!important; } .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9:active , .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9 .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0b10d6067da2c506c081ba7b4d8093c9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Salem Witch Trials Essay Bibliography: