Public Office And Private Lives Social Policy Essay Essays

Public Office And Private Lives Social Policy Essay Essays Public Office And Private Lives Social Policy Essay Essay Public Office And Private Lives Social Policy Essay Essay The development of the media and high velocity information exchange brings private lives of public functionaries to public treatment. Transgress moral boundaries may damage public functionaries calling, particularly elected 1s, badly. The turning attending to private lives among the population makes the subject more of import for the societal scientific disciplines. On one manus politicians use certain facets of their ideal private lives in their election runs in order to derive popularity, on the other manus they require the right for privateness in the things that will impact their lives negatively. Interestingly, the degree of public involvement in private life varies in modern democracies. While USA citizens are interested in every facets of public functionaries ( largely elected 1s ) , and seek to happen relationship between functionary s occupation public presentation with his private life, Grecian people seems to be less caring approximately privat e lives and prefer to concentrate on functionaries occupation public presentation merely. The intent of this paper is to explicate degree of public involvement for private lives of politicians, its grounds, affect on political relations the Greece and the USA relatively. In the first subdivision I will concentrate on the USA instance, in the 2nd on the Greece, in the 3rd subdivision I will give comparing of these two states. The concluding subdivision Privacy in USA In past three decennaries boundary lines between private and public life of public figures in USA became more unseeable ; their private lives are brought to public treatment more frequently. Privacy in general considered as freedom from unauthorised invasion: province of being allow entirely and able to maintain certain clairvoyance. personal affairs to oneself. ( Merriam-Webster s ) . Freedom from unauthorised invasion may include media, constabulary, and authorities and so on. Although to specify hat is public is non that easy. Harmonizing to Frederick Schauer in public issue single penchants is non indulged, including a penchant that information non to be disclosed ( Frederick Schauer 2000, 294 ) . In this instance voter s right to whether determination doing public functionary is suited for the occupation, and how his/her policies affect their lives. Having normal childhood, household, and friends seems index of good personality every bit good. Through the history there are s everal instances demoing that public leaders holding abused childhood, leaders who treated their households in opprobrious ways used similar policies in their occupation. For illustration Hitler s abused childhood caused catastrophe for the universe as Alise Millen said Hitler did non invent fascism ; he found it, like so many of his coevalss, prefigured in the totalitarian government of his household ( The Natural Child Project ) . Or another dictator, Joseph Stalin, besides had opprobrious childhood, jobs with his household. Stalins married woman Nadejda Alilulayeva married woman committed self-destruction in 1982 after he spoke her head about Communist Party purgings and the dearth and was met by a inundation of vulgar maltreatment from Stalin ( Nyu York Times, April 14, 1988 ) and another member of his household, his boy Joseph committed self-destruction in 1943. Today household images of politicians play really of import in their calling way and their successful matrimonies brings moral and softer image to them. Possibly its non coincidence that British Prime Minister Gordon Browns workaholic, lonely adult male changed before going premier curate. He is non mentioned as alone adult male but household adult male who loves his household. In USA state of affairs is non that much different than most of the universe, even politicians private lives are more open than other states. While most of the politicians complain about inadequacy of privateness in their private lives, they use their private lives as a agency of advertizement. Since USA presidential election of 1992 politicians started to publicise their private lives more and more. Public involvement for private life increasing, people prefer more entertaining plans, the American electorate are regarded as fed up with Washington politicians, elector want people who are nt political ( Newman, in Schauer 2003, 301, ) . Candidates private life dirts seemed really interesting subject for intelligence plans. Possibly Bill Clinton s adulterous relationship with Monica Lewinsky was one of the biggest dirts in USA history which was on headlines of newspapers for old ages. Although Clinton was elected for office for the 2nd clip after the dirt, some of higher ranked fun ctionaries, had to vacate after dirts, Randall L. Tobias, Deputy Secretary of State, resigned a twenty-four hours after corroborating his use of Washington bodyguard services. Although April 27, 2007 dated imperativeness release of the province section said that he was go forthing for personal grounds. New York governor Eliot Spitzer who besides accused holding adulterous matter with cocotte resigned from his station after dirt. Before his surrender he made a brief public visual aspect during which he apologized for his behaviour, and described it as a private affair. ( New York Times, March 10, 2008 ) . There might be several grounds for this addition, but likely the most of import two grounds which is lessening of involvement to existent political relations as mentioned above peoples being fed up with Washington politicians ( Schauer 2003, 301 ) and media which ever tries to run into popular demand. In the last elections in USA campaigner Barack Obama s race, household, faith was discussed and much as his election platform. Today media is considered as one of most net income conveying countries in the universe. In the competitory market companies are working to maximise their net incomes at any monetary value. American media is called as freest and most commercial media in the universe by Heather Savigny ( 2004, 225 ) . Privacy in Greece Discussions about privateness and public life are non something new for Greece. In ancient Greece private lives and public were separated from each others, private life was called oikos and public life was called as dimos. In Platos Republic Plato and Socrates discuss privateness issue. After reexamining Grecian newspapers headlines in last 25 old ages one might thing that Greeks might look non to be interested in oikos of politicians after over than 2000 old ages from Socrates times or Hellenics are non interested in political relations at all or holding politicians who has really ideal life without any dirts, so that there are merely two good known publicized high ranked public functionaries dirts. Both of these dirts have really similar characteristic. In the first instance Andreas Papandreou, while having infirmary intervention in London, was accompanied by a former air hostess, Ms. Dimitra Liani instead than with his married woman, even friendly imperativeness gave the fact widespread promotion. Subsequently, he was invariably seen with Ms. Liani, most noteworthy on his return to Greece from London, In Autumn 1988 and at the EC Summit in Rhodes in December of that twelvemonth. ( Georgia Chondreleou 2004,5, ) However this instance was non revealed by journalists or person else but Prime Minister Andreas Papandreou himself let rumours to be spread. Grecian premier curates confident action besides indicates that he is non that much concerned about reviews and media force per unit area. Indeed this instance was non discussed in the media that much, so that his wellness and subsequently on corruptness dirts overshadowed this instance. In the Second instance: Christos Zachopoulos, the former secretary general of the Grecian Culture Ministry and president of the Central Archaeological Council, jumped off the balcony of his fourth-floor place here [ December 20, 2007 ] after allegations that he was being blackmailed by his former office helper, with whom he had had an matter. Mr. Zachopoulos, 54, survived the autumn. ( New York Times December 20, 2007 ) This dirts besides mentioned as The juiciest sex dirt in modern Grecian memory ( Times Online January 9, 2008 ) Relatively with the first instance in the 2nd instance General Secretary of the Grecian civilization acquire more attending from the media. Possibly, the thing that forced General Secretary to vacate and try for the self-destruction was non merely related publication of his love matter in the media, but besides his being accused for corruptness. An Athens prosecuting officer [ was ] besides analyzing at least 10 of an estimated 200 instances in which Mr. Zachopoulos, in his capacity as the caput of the Central Archaeological Council, decreed that topographic points could be removed from the list of protected archeological sites. ( New York Times, January 19, 2008 ) . Having merely two politician private life dirt in Greece besides does nt intend that Grecian people are non interested in political relations. Politicss is still one of the most celebrated subjects in Grecian Coffee Shops. But it s besides known that population acquire information what media gives. Although there was freedom of address in media, since the beginning of the 1980s opinion parties ever had impact on TVs, so that most the TVs and large newspapers either belonged to the authorities or survived with the subsidies from the authorities. Even today from clip to clip Grecian authoritiess subsidise media. Possibly it is non happenstance that there is non that much review in media against authorities and high ranked functionaries except the instances which functionaries exposed them or the instances which is already related with some ethical issues. Comparison Even if this two states seems really similar in some points there differences in public attending to their life. However political dirts take topographic point merely in broad democracies because merely there is the separation of public from private domains fundamental to the political system ( Markovitsa nd Silverstei in Betty a. Dobratz and Whitfield, Stephanie 1992, 168 ) . Possibly the degree of the liberalisation and Greeks being under absolutism was besides one of the factors that affect degree of dirts. Plato s Republic abolishes the foundation of any private life for the defenders who the ideal state-eliminating the household and private belongings in order to make integrity in the province . Socrates considers the expostulation that defenders will non be happy if they have to give up pleasances of the private life. Such felicity he replies is mindless and infantile ; the defenders, after all, will bask a better and more honest life than other citizens. Anyhow, the purpose should be to do whole society good, non to do one subdivision of it happy, he besides argues that even if defenders will hold to give up their private lives, they will still bask a better honest life. ( Plato s Republic in Thompson 1987, 124 ) . If we compare USA and Greece with Plato and Socrates doctrine, Plato s theoretical account private and public life is really suited USA attack of privateness so that politicians seems to be all right giving up their privateness in order to enjoy a better honest life . However Greece politicians still can pull off to maintain their private lives from public. The chief difference in the instances of two states is that USA population will acquire more However media besides played important function in publicising the instances. Free and commercialised USA media seems is more likely to run into entertain popular demand of population that the media and imperativeness which is subsidized by authorities. Decision Its obvious that there are still will be a batch of arguments about public and private lives. As much state will acquire liberalized, achieve free media, Mentions: Frederics Schauer 2000, Can Public Figures have private lives? Social Philosophy and Policy, 17:299-306 Dennis F. Tomphson 1987, Political Etics and Public Office. Cabridge Mass. : Harvard University Press Georgia Chondroleou 2004, Public Images and Private Lives: the Grecian Experience Parliamentary Affairs Vol. 57 No. 1, 53-66 Heather Savigny 2004, The Media and the Personal Lifes of Politicians in the Unites States , Parliamentary Affairs Vol. 57 No. 1, 223-235 Betty A. Dobratz and Whitfield, Stephanie Sep. , 1992, Does Scandal Influence Voters Party Preference? The Case of Greece during the Papandreou Era European Sociological Review, Vol. 8, No. 2, 167-180 privateness. Dictionary.com. Merriam-Webster s Dictionary of Law. Merriam-Webster, Inc. hypertext transfer protocol: //dictionary.reference.com/browse/privacy ( accessed: December 11, 2009 ) . hypertext transfer protocol: //dictionary.reference.com/browse/privacy ( accessed: December 05, 2009 ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www.naturalchild.org/alice_miller/adolf_hitler.html, last accessed December 10, 2009 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nytimes.com/ hypertext transfer protocol: //timesonline.co.uk ( accessed December 10, 2009 )

All You Need to Know About a Movie Review

All You Need to Know About a Movie Review All You Need to Know about a Movie Review We all love watching movies and discussing them with friends, relatives or simply online on social networks and forums. That is why it may seem quite a simple assignment. However, writing a college assignment is a bit different, as you not only have to render the plot but also make a research, analyze events and characters. If you want your review to be interesting and complete, you may require some help. Goal of a movie review Many students mistakenly take a movie review for a very simple assignment, leaving it for the last day or even downloading samples online. They think that such a review is just a description of main events and characters, and doesn’t require any writing or analytical skills. However, a good movie review is a combination of personal thoughts on the plot and an objective description of the situation. You need to complete your review in such an interesting way that the reader will want to watch the movie. Even if your tutor gives a particular title or topic, always make an assumption that the audience has never seen that movie before, as it will help you convey the thoughts in a simple and clear manner. Actually, being able to provide the review in an understandable manner is one of the skills your tutor will want to see. He will also want to make sure that you possess critical thinking and can interlink lots of details. Make sure your movie review contains enough details for the reader to make up his mind whether to watch the film or not. Another goal of a movie review is to see how well you are able to analyze characters and plots. In addition, your tutor will want to see how well your writing skills are, how broad your vocabulary is and how easily you are able to switch from one topic to another. However, in comparison with many other written assignments, a movie review is a fun and entertaining task and knowing all the main tools and tips, you will find it very interesting to complete! What you need to know about completing a movie review Once you have received a task to complete a movie review, you have tens of questions. Stop, take a deep breath and don’t worry! If you don’t know where to start or how to make your review as academic as possible, just go on reading and you will get all the data you need. Steps to a perfect movie review Getting started is always difficult and a right beginning of the paper will set the tone to your essay. Here are the useful tips you need to know: Watch the film two times before starting your work, as you may miss some details. Make notes not only on the key events but also on minor situations, emotions or even dialogues. Don’t rely on your memory, as every detail may be important; Don’t neglect a proper research. It is not enough just to watch the movie if you want your review to be full and deep. Get relevant information on the producer, cast, plot, locations, historic background and other necessary details if possible. Such data will help you to complete a full and catchy review; Don’t start your work until you understand the plot of the movie. If you didn’t get the main idea, watch the movie again and only then start working on your essay; Complete an outline before writing an essay. It will be much easier to complete the paper if you have a clear structure in front of you; Always provide examples. You need to back your ideas with relevant examples both positive and negative ones. If you want to persuade the reader, you need to give examples from the movie. In addition, if the movie has any ‘holes’, don’t hesitate to write about it. Your essay shouldn’t look like a praise or a critique; Make comments on the movie’s quality and originality. Don’t hesitate to compare it to other movies or books, providing examples of plagiarism or similarity. Comment whether the film stands out from the rest or simply uses the same patterns as others. Organization of the paper It is always important to plan the work well in advance not depending on the assignment you have. That is why you shouldn’t neglect creating an outline before starting your work on the essay. Such outlines help you to concentrate on the topic and to interlink paragraphs. Such approach will definitely help you to save time for the future and you will know what details and matters you want to include to your text, without wasting time on thousands of thoughts on the subject. Such a plan will also help you to avoid stress and anxiety, and you will be able to complete your movie review before the deadlines. An outline of a movie review should contain such points, as: Don’t forget to include information on the movie, like title, date of release and general information you find necessary; Summary of the plot; Analysis of elements, like action, climax and others; Indication of creative elements. They include characters, visual effects, usage of camera, dialogues, tone, signs, costumes and everything you want to mention; Personal opinion, backed with examples from the movie; Here you need to summarize the whole essay, write whether producers have reached their goals and explain how the movie helped you to understand the main topic. Parts of the movie review Every written assignment consists of a list of key elements, which form its general structure. Here is what you need to include to your movie review: Title of the movie. It may sound surprising but many students forget including the name of the movie to their introductory section. Don’t make such mistakes and always mention the title in the first paragraph, even though you have stated it in the headline; The main goal of a movie review is to summarize it and give the reader an overall idea on the plot to help him decide whether to watch the movie or not. Your job is to explain the plot and express your general opinion. However, saying whether you liked it or not is not enough. You need to back your words with examples and valid reasons; One of the best details you may include to your work is providing information on the filmmaker. Write a couple paragraphs on his background, like previous works, political views and any other details you will find relevant. This may give the reader an addition motive to watch the movie; Importance to the audience and class. Depending on the class you are writing a review for, provide information on its relevance. If the movie is based on a book, write about similar and different approaches or analyze various elements. If it is a historical movie for your history class, add details on dates and characters; Creative details. Every producer and cast works really hard to transform a simple script into a beautiful motion picture. They use multiple creative elements and your goal is to analyze them. Are they interesting and realistic? Were they relevant for the plot? The cast. Describing actors is always interesting, so you shouldn’t neglect such descriptions. What famous actors were involved? Was the cast realistic? Did they reveal all sides of the characters’ personalities? What was your overall impression from the actors? Checklist for a great movie review   Catchy introduction with the title, date of release, topic and basic information; Accurate depiction; Analysis of sources; Creative details that make the picture perfect. They include great script, visual effects, light, make up, costumes, design and much more; Personal opinion; Conclusions. Common mistakes Absence of focus on the movie. Many students want to include as many details as possible and their review becomes too heavy. To avoid such mistakes, concentrate on the key aspects and don’t write general information. For example, history of the movie industry or how many children the camera man has; Writing in first person. Review is always a personal opinion on a book, event or a movie. That is why it is not necessary to include ‘I’ in every sentence. This may distract the reader and may seem unprofessional; Not checking facts. It is obvious: you need to check the title, date of release, producer’s name and other important details before including them to your text; Not backing your opinion with examples or proofs. Although review is a personal opinion on the movie, you still need to provide examples and reasons to back your thoughts; Avoiding a clear structure; Completing your review, using generalities. They include ‘great movie’, ‘nice actors’ and so on; Concentrating on the plot without analyzing the background and possible impact on the society. Title examples Dystopia: one of the latest trends in cinematography; I am Legend review; Ideas of compassion in 90s movies; Jigsaw: popularity of violence on screens; Similarities and differences of Robinson Crusoe and The Martian. Help with a movie review As any written assignment, a movie review requires lots of time and attention, which modern students often lack due to a tight curriculum and many additional assignments to complete. However, you don’t need to worry, as modern world offers a great deal of services, which may be of a great use, when completing a movie review. Such help includes: Professional essay writing. When you don’t have enough time or inspiration to complete the assignment on your own, there is always a chance to contact a writing service. Our company has many years of experience and our talented writers are always there to help you. All you need to do is to indicate details and wait until we complete your review. We guarantee flexible prices, absence of plagiarism and always meeting the deadlines; Professional editing. When you already have a completed movie review and need someone to edit it, you can always ask your friends or relatives. However, not all of them possess editing skills and you can make everything even worse. That is why it is better to contact our editors and proofreaders, who will correct all the possible mistakes and make changes if necessary to help you review to be smooth and readable. Here are the things that can also help: Proper organization. It is obvious that a perfect assignment always has a clear and logical structure, which is prepared well in advance. If you are not sure how to complete a great outline, you can always visit our blog section and read tens of posts on how to complete a written assignment, use sources, structure your review and much more. In addition, we provide students with work samples to give you an overall idea of the assignment. There is also a chance to upload your review to our checker and get information on its wordiness, common mistakes and repetitive expressions; Usage of sources. Many students think that a movie review doesn’t require analysis of background information and working with sources or other materials. However, almost every topic aims to connect the movie to a certain event or problem, so research of basic information is crucial. If you don’t have time, you can get help of our writers, who will do the research for you! Personal approach. One of the most difficult aspects of a movie review is that it should be a combination of both: a personal approach and an objective description of the plot/events/background. For many students such balance is very hard to achieve, so you simply need to provide us with details on the title, basic information and personal opinion, and our writers will do the rest. Frequently asked questions Is a particular formatting style required when completing a movie review? You should always ask your tutor for formatting recommendations, as there are no general instructions about written assignments. In most of the cases, a movie review is free of any formatting peculiarities. However, in some cases, your tutor may ask you to complete it in an MLA formatting style. Can I copy a movie review online? Nowadays, tutors use all the online tools and software to determine whether a paper is plagiarized or not. That is why we strongly recommend you to write a unique review, using other papers simply like examples to boost your creativity and help to get started. Why should I write a movie review if my major has nothing to do with filmmaking? You should always remember that writing a movie report is a great way to improve lots of your skills, like writing, gathering information, critical thinking, linking details and so on. That is why your tutor wants to check how well you are able to analyze the material and state your personal view on the matter. Even if your major is education, your tutor may assign you with a movie review, which has something to do with the subject you are studying. How can I be sure that your papers are unique? You can always check thousands of reviews online to make sure that all our papers are written from scratch. We put originality first, so you don’t have to worry! In addition, we are always ready to give you a plagiarism report, so you will be sure that your review is original and unique. No one will ever find out that it wasn’t you, who have written the assignment. Will my review be sent to other students? All our authors sign non-disclose papers and have no rights for the paper once it is sent to you. This means that you are the only owner of the paper and it will never be sent to someone else. We guarantee complete confidentiality and total control over the process. What if I require editing? Once you receive a completed paper, you need to read it thoroughly and check whether it fulfills your requirements. If you are not satisfied with the result, you can add notes and send them to us. Our editors will correct the mistakes and provide you with as many revisions as you require. How can I contact you in case I need help with my movie review? Our managers are always here to help you, even if it is late after midnight. We work round-the-clock and you can reach us in one of many convenient ways: a live chat, email or a cellphone number. How to benefit to the fullest Everyone loves movies, so writing a review is one of the most popular and interesting assignments any student can obtain. It is a great way to show your writing skills, an ability to collect information and provide personal opinion on the subject. However, despite its simplicity, it can become a real headache and may greatly influence your grades. That is why you need to use all the possible assistance to make sure that your movie review is flawless. Such assistance includes: Professional support. With the help of Internet, it is quite simple to improve your paper and practice in writing an assignment over and over again until you are satisfied with the result. Our writing company is here to help you improve your writing skills, learning from the best writers of the country. We are ready to provide you with notes and tips on how to create a flawless review and our unique software is here to detect all the mistakes of your paper. Just upload a file and identify all the errors that should be corrected. In such a way, your tutor won’t be able to find any mistakes in the text and you will greatly improve your writing skills; Improvement of grades. Using various online sources, like writing services, special software, forums and so on, is a great way to improve your grades. All you need to do is to get access to multiple websites, blogs and specific software to check your grammar and vocabulary, boost creativity or simply to chat with same-minded students from all over the world. This will greatly improve your grades and will save lots of your time.

Effect on British Business for Joining Euro Zone Essay

Effect on British Business for Joining Euro Zone - Essay Example Labour Productivity: The output per worker is the ratio of total output and total employment and the unit labour cost is total labour costs-to-output. The output per worker has remained unchanged in the last two quarters but unit labour costs have increased by 0.3% in the last two quarters (ONS, 2011, p.8). Labour Disputes: These are associated with the strikes with respect to the terms and conditions related to employment. During the last 12 months before October 2011, there were 417,000 lost working days from 135 strikes (ONS, 2011, p.9). Unemployment: This measures the unemployed people who are actively seeking work and ready to join work immediately. The unemployment rate was up 40 basis points from previous year leading to 8.3% unemployment rate. The unemployed youth formed 22% of economically active population. As per the international guidelines, people in full-time education are unemployed if they are looking for jobs since last four weeks (ONS, 2011, p.11). It can be seen th at the public sector cutting of jobs has worsened the employment situation in Britain. The Conservative Party seeks to bring down the deficit to maintain the record low interest rates and avoid situations faced by Greece, Spain and Portugal (Politics.co.uk, 2011). Some people view the reasons for unemployment especially youth unemployment is because of too much reliance on unemployment benefits provided by the government and unwillingness to accept the jobs offered whereas the corporate sector believes the burden of red tape, taxes and minimum wages have tied up their businesses and prevented them from hiring more people (Palmer, 2011). Measures for Reducing the Unemployment There are three types of... Based on this research, the British economy has been affected at first due to joining the Euro Zone as the government has to cop up with the new policies of the regulatory body which make the laws for the Euro Zone. The British government has to incur certain costs for adopting with the new policies, for educate the people so that they can cop up with the new currency and new policies. Though the government had to face some initial costs but the economy are benefited from a long term view. The businessman of UK would get the new opportunity for enhance their business in the other Euro Zone countries. As the currency of 17 countries is same the transaction cost of the business has got lower. The interest rates of the country’s central banks getting lower, the mortgage also get down. Along with this the credibility of the Euro currency is improving as the same currency is used by 17 countries. The currency is not fluctuating as the previous so the investor doesn’t have to hedge their investment. The opportunity for the business owners is that they have access for a larger base of customers as well as they can utilize the larger workforce available to them. The British small and medium companies will have the opportunity to get the foreign funds as the transaction costs are not as high in the Euro Zone as there is the same currency operating in every country. The UK business owners can also have the ideas and the technologies which can enhance the revenue and subsequently profit of the company and thus the gross domestic product of the country can be improved.

Artificial reefs on the gulf coast and why funding should remain for Essay

Artificial reefs on the gulf coast and why funding should remain for them - Essay Example The fact that they are artificial means that they are manmade. It follows that man has to effect necessary measures including funding in order to protect this type of unique environment. Once the funding is provided it is expected that the relevant authorities will ensure that is properly used for the good of the artificial reefs in general. The emergence of artificial reefs can be compared to oases in deserts. Artificial reefs can also be described as safe underwater havens made up of hard surfaces on which invertebrates attach themselves. These invertebrates include corals, bryozoans, barnacles, hydroids and clams. A simple theory has always been that invertebrates will start living around the reef once it has been established. A marine food will therefore develop in that ecosystem. Naturally, other forms of marine life will also be attracted in the area (Bortone, Brandarini and Otake, 251). A typical scenario is that bigger fish will head for the reef in order to feed on the smaller ones that arrived earlier thus the common saying that larger fish are usually right behind the smaller ones. Some areas such as Florida used to establish artificial reefs by sinking any object for instance refrigerators, fridges, washing machines among others. This was a haphazard approach of building the reefs since they would soon be de stroyed by hurricanes or tropical storm. Today, establishment of an artificial reef requires careful planning and choice of materials. Bortone et al (260) asserts that the main objectives are to enhance the original habitat at the bottom of the sea and increase the population of local fish. Generally looking at the Gulf coast, the area with the most number of permitted artificial reefs is the state of Florida. The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission is thus the one responsible for establishing guidelines for the deployment of artificial reefs. There are close to 2,700 artificial reefs along Florida’s

Change Management and Communication Plan Essay Example for Free

Change Management and Communication Plan Essay Riordan Manufacturing has decided to make a change to company’s customer management system. The company does not currently have any formal system for managing their customer information and has traditionally left this up to individual employees. This new system will require all employees to use one customer management system. Your team is now working to help Riordan implement this planned change. Your team must do the following in your role as consultants: †¢ Review the intranet site for Riordan Manufacturing including Human Resources – Organizational Charts, Employee Files, etc. , and Sales Marketing – Marketing Information Systems. †¢ Create a change management plan and communication plan of 1,050- to 1,400-words. Your plan should include the details from section I and section II outlined below. Section I: Change Management Plan Identify the current formal and informal power structures in the organization. How might the power and political structure of the organization affect employee behavior? Identify the most appropriate and effective organizational structures for Riordan Manufacturing that will help them accomplish their planned changes. Section I: Change Management Plan Riordan Manufacturing formal leaders consist of the chief executive, presidents, vice-presidents, high-level managers, middle-level managers and low-level managers. Each person is responsible for implementing changes that will benefit the structural system for the company. According to the organizational charts, the organization is separated by various departments into functional areas. According to the organizational charts, the organization is separated by various departments into functional areas. For example, in the Human Resource they are responsible for benefits, policy and procedures, job classification, annual reviews and survey results just to name some of the functions within the Human Resource Department. Informal leaders have non-official positions like secretaries, maintenance people, auditors and others who are less important but carry out the vision and mission of the company. A gatekeeper does not hold a position of authority, but they usually work closely with the formal leaders of the company. The power and political structure of the organization may frustrate employees when decisions are made that are unclear or not communicatedand lack vision or reasoning behind the decisions. The system relies on clear and concise communication at all times. It is important that chief executive officer is given accurate information at all times. Riordan Manufacturing discovered some problems with their employees; such as an inability to motivate employees and how to reduce the high turnover rate within the company. This was discovered through the Riordan human resources department structure which does not allow employee empowerment and as a result is delaying potential growth due to the unbalanced profits, and reduction in sales. The human resources department needs to revisit some of their decisions to strength their portion of the structure and better the company for the future. The high turnover rate has caused lack of employee motivation, low morale and with pay levels below their competitors’standards; there is lack of structure in the performance review process within the entire company. These issues can be corrected by creating a coaching, feedback process, and planning career development programs by either creating or improving their current performance reward systems. Riordan Manufacturing has selected a structure that will require all employees to use one customer management system. In doing so, Riordan has adopted a structure that closely resembles a bureaucratic nature. Standardization is the key concept in manufacturing. The formal leaders within the Riordan Manufacturing are each responsible for implementing changes that will benefit the structural system for the company. Organizations structures can have significant effects on its members. Potential effects of a bureaucratic structure on employee behavior are attributed to its formalized, mechanistic model where fairness in policy and procedures is a large indicator of job satisfaction. The bureaucratic environment in which Riordan Manufacturing adopts high levels of work specialization contributes to higher levels of productivity, but may sacrifice in areas of lower job satisfaction. This could be connected to the high turnover rate at Riordan in addition to the low pay levels when compared to similar markets. Management needs to consider the organizational structure and its effects on employees on an individual basis. In a bureaucratic environment management may consider looking into characteristics of employees that help determine their potential in working in such a structure and train employees through coaching and training to help them adapt to the vision Riordan management would expect from its employees, employing those that that prefer routine and security of specialized jobs may perform better in a manufacturing organization like Riordan. Riordan Manufacturing culture can be described in a descriptive term. The current structure and management operations would like to reverse some of the current trends in the workplace that affect its organizational culture. Recent discoveries have uncovered problems influencing culture at Riordan such as levels of motiv ation and tenure at the company. It was discovered that Riordan human resources department structure does not allow employee empowerment and are delaying potential growth because of the unbalanced profits and reduction in sales. The new system aspires to create a new culture where management motivates its employees through a reward system and competitive pay, where workers find management approachable with ideas to improve work processes, while following the idea that helping to implement change will benefit the structural system of the company. Riordan human resources department reassessment of its structure can positively impact Riordan’s overall organizational culture by focusing on pay and its incentive packages. Management at Riordan can consider news ways in which to improve its culture. Ideally, upper management would encourage mid-level management to allow feedback from employees to improve work processes while still following the chain of command to create improvement. Though there are more stringent rules in a manufacturing plant, Riordan management wants to instill its trust in its workers, making them feel they are trusted and that their individual judgment is supported. The new operations at Riordan involve team work that encourages positive interaction, collaboration, goal setting, and a reward system that supports its desires for improved culture at Riordan Manufacturing. †¢ Recommend a strategy to implement the changes over the next 12 months. †¢ Describe how you will evaluate the success or failure of the planned change. Section II: Communication Plan Create a Communication Plan for the proposed change covered in the Change Management Plan. In the Communication Plan, complete the following: Select the most appropriate channels to communicate the change to the employees, and explain why you selected these channels. Identify the potential barriers to effective communication and strategies for overcoming the barriers. Develop a message for one of the selected communication channels. In the message, complete the following: †¢ Identify those areas affected by the change. †¢ Establish the need for the change. †¢ Create a sense of urgency around the change. †¢ Outline next steps in the change process.

The Importance of the Sonnet in William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet

Although Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy of two young lovers caught in the whirlpool of their own youthful passion, it is also a tragedy of two young people at the mercy of a feud not of their making and of fateful events over which they have no control. Regardless of our individual response to this play, we have a common response of deep sadness over the senseless deaths of the two young lovers. Regardless of the cause of the tragic events, we are on their side. Â   There are several ways to think about Romeo and Juliet, but recent discussions of the play look at the form and language of love that Shakespeare uses and how his use of one particular form, the sonnet, enhances our sense of the play. By directing our attention to the sonnet qualities in Romeo and Juliet, we are able to discern a growing maturity in these two characters, one which, especially in the case of Juliet, belies their untried youth. This article will examine how the sonnet conventions found in Romeo and Juliet reflect the play's stance on young love as well as how Juliet's resistance to the sonnet reveals a character that allows her to endure the desertion of virtually everyone around her. Â   The sonnet is a fourteen-line love poem. Perfected by the Italian Petrarch in the fifteenth century, the form followed certain conventions. The subject matter was that of unrequited love. The sonneteer would write a cycle of sonnets dedicated to a woman, his "sonnet lady," whom he knew only from afar, who was unavailable, whose very presence changed one's earthly existence into heaven. The fourteen-line sequence was often marked by a reversal, a "turn" between the first eight and the last six lines. Frequently, the turn would move from the ph... ...m to abandon Juliet in the tomb of her dead ancestors with the body of Romeo. Throughout the chaos that occurs when the tragedy in the tomb is discovered by the outside world, Juliet remains firm and resolute, a stark contrast to the confusion that even spills into the streets of Verona: "For I will not away" (5.3.160). Preferring death to the hostile world around her, she stabs herself with Romeo's dagger. Â   Although we see the chastened adults receive their greatest punishment, the deaths of their children, it seems far too great a price to pay for the settling of a feud. Our hearts remain with Romeo and Juliet, who found passion in love rather than in hatred and who matured far beyond their adult role models. Â   "This thou perceiv'st, which makes thy love more strong To love that well, which thou must leave ere long." -- Sonnet 73 Â   Â  

A Preview Of The Twentieth Century Essay

History tells us so much that the essence of humanity would be of a void nature without it. We can safely say that history is the collective experience of humanity itself. Thus, a distortion made upon history is irreverence to our collective experience. If one distorts history, he/she changes humanity’s life story. There is a need to preserve history as it happened. From history we learn lessons and avoid doing things that lead us to our own destruction. Take for example the two world wars that happened, if a third world war happens, then we, humanity, did not learn and care at all about our own history. History distortions commonly happen in the ideological and political arena. These distortions kill human lives. Conflicts that happen in the Europe and the Middle East as well as in America are caused by differences on the way people view religion and faith. Infamous of these are bombings caused by Muslim fundamentalists. Hence, history should be taught as it happened. History should be taught with clarity and vividness. People are intelligent enough to discern between the good and bad events that happened. Respect given for each other’s perspective and ideology should be encouraged to avoid conflicts. An integration of history arriving at the closest description of events as they happen should be done taking into consideration the differences in the religious and political beliefs of different races. Research should be done in order to correct the mistakes made on writing history. Yet, the most important of these is respect. If people cannot agree on a particular issue of history, then their only option is to respect its other’s views. There is no other alternative, they must respect each other. History is what we are. If we distort our perception of history, we change our very lives’ meaning.

Popular Culture and the Humanities Essay

I am writing this letter as a piece of a time capsule. I wish to capture for you a day in the life of the typical person in 2012. I have to say at this point that my day starts early. The house really starts buzzing around 6:00. Usually my husband is out to work at this time. Giovanni, my son, takes a shower getting ready for school. I start making coffee, and getting breakfast ready. Then we have breakfast together and soon he has to wait for the bus to bring him to school. His bus ride is about thirty from where we live. We chose a Catholic school for our children, Guilherme, 21 yrs old, graduate from Salesian High School and is current living in Pennsylvania in his last year in De Sales University and Giovanni 15 yrs old, attends Salesian High School. We want them to learn and practice a catholic faith. Next I have to get ready to go to work. It takes about ten minute driving to the school. Little Angels is private Preschool School; I teach a Pre-school class, which has 13 children. We have to use an electronic card to gain access to building. Nowadays you can’t be too careful with security. My schedule is from 9 to 5 every day, I have one hour lunch break, and I spend trying to juggle between homework, work and chores. I am currently a part time student at Kaplan University. I do not attend physical classes in a physical building. My classes are online. This means that I receive the information through the internet. The internet is the only way to communication nowadays. I have never met my professors face to face, but we correspond through discussion boards on the school’s web site. The Internet is named for â€Å"interconnection of computer networks†. It is a massive hardware combination of millions of personal, business, and governmental computers, all connected like roads and highways . Business, schools and even governments have come to depend on the internet as the main way to exchange information and even goods. No single person owns the Internet. No single government has authority over its operations. Some technical rules and hardware/software standards enforce how people plug into the Internet, but for the most part, the Internet is a free and open broadcast medium of hardware networking. Most of my banking, education and work are done online. Throughout a typical day, I will pay bills on the internet, access my class information on the internet and correspond with my sister and brother in Brazil through e-mail or Skype. At 5 when I came home usually my husband is waiting for me and we go for a two mile run. After I use the stove which cooks food by using electricity to heat pots or pans on the top of the stove or elements in the oven of the stove. This may not really represent our popular culture right now, since many people prefer to eat in restaurants, but we prefer to cook our own food since it healthier that way. That is pretty much what our days are like in the year 2012. We use a lot of technology, but family time and interaction with each are still the strengths of my day. We enjoy devices like cars, GPS, and dishwashers, refrigerators, air condition, cell phones, Ipads, which makes our lives so much easier. Even though we have made much medical advancement, we still have not found cure for Cancer, but we had good news this week, it looks like a regular sports bra, but it’s meant to help women detect early signs of breast cancer. Lifeline Biotechnologies has developed the First Warning System, or a smart bra, after years of research. The concept is called â€Å"thermography,† which relies on precisely detecting heat or abnormal heat signatures from tumors versus normal tissue. †Dr. Siavash Jabbari of Sharp Barnhart Cancer Center in Chula Vista, Calif., said the device is an â€Å"encouraging sign in the fight against cancer,† and it will give hope to the one in eight American women who develop the disease in their lifetime. The bra is still in a trial stage, but it’s showing good results. The company hopes the device will be available in the U.S. within the next two years. To us women this is good news, because mammograms are so painful and not so efficient. Times right now seem pretty uncertain. Unemployment is high, and it is difficult to find a job. My only wish is that my boys to grow up to be good people, to give back to society rather than take from it, and I want them to be able to take care of themselves and their future families. This is a year of a President Election, Barak Obama our President against Mitt Romney. I’m personally going for Obama because he’s actually trying and he is the best hope for our financial country recovery. Sincerely, Vivian Lopes Part 2: An Example of Morality and Decision Making Abortion and Pro – Life Nowadays, in this world, there are a lot of problems that can cause great conflicts for human beings. One of the most complex problems is abortion. This is due to moral and ethical values which we all have. The majorities of us are Catholics and as small children were taught values that are based on the bible such as that famous phrase â€Å"Thou shall not kill†. This phrase relates to an abortion because abortion is the murder of a human being. My own personal beliefs of abortion come from my Christian faith I believe abortion is wrong and it is murder. Pro – Life is great organization that is sponsored by Catholics as they try to prevent abortion and promote alternatives to abortion. Abortion is murder. We should support life and not end it. Part 3: My Definition of Happiness A smile, a laugh, a quick thoughts, going for a jogging in a cool summer day; chocolate; my son’s up to give me a hug because he hasn’t seen you all day or in a long time, these are the little things, these are happiness these are all things that make me happy. Happiness is very simple to me. Having the necessities of life and knowing that my family is taken care of. Have shelter and food and clothes. I want my boys to have the best educational opportunities that they need and the healthcare that they need. I want to live debt free and try to teach that lifestyle to my Boys. Being materialistic does not make anyone happier. The things that are most important are relationships with my husband and children, our friends and extended family. These things will bring more happiness that any expensive vehicle will. I have come to this view seeing many people chase things that in the end leave them alone and unhappy. Just being happy with your life and accepting who you are and what you have will bring you happiness. Part 4- The day Osama bin Laden had been killed On May 1, 2011, President Barack Obama announced that Osama bin Laden had been killed in a terrorist compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan. In an 8-month plan enacted by the president, and led by CIA director Leon Panetta and American special forces, Osama was shot several times. His body was taken as evidence of his death, and DNA tests revealed that the body was, in fact, his. â€Å"For over two decades, bin Laden has been al Qaeda’s leader and symbol and has continued to plot attacks against our country and our friends and our allies,† President Obama said in a late-night address to the nation on the eve of Osama’s death. â€Å"The death of bin Laden marks the most significant achievement to date in our nation’s effort to defeat Al Qaeda.† He added that â€Å"his demise should be welcomed by all who believe in peace and human dignity† (www.biography.com) Part 5: The Twin Towers I believe that the Twin Towers of the World Trade should be included because they represent big change in our society. When the Towers were attacked on September 11, 2001, many people realized that the world not completely favorable of the American lifestyle. We realized that there are people out there like to hurt and kill for no reason, or just try to take our freedom .Every day we live with the reality of being at war. It made us all step back and think about our national security and how to be safer. The sense of community that happened after that attack still brings tears to my eyes. Over 3,000 people died in those attacks that were coordinated by al-Qaeda. After twelve years later, we’re about to finish building the first â€Å"green† building in Manhattan. It consists of four main things that make it green. Those are; energy efficiency, water efficiency, good indoor air quality, and sustainable materials. It runs on fuel cells which are powered by natural gas. This is probably standard in your world; however, this is the first building that has this ground breaking technology. It is supposed to be made from materials that make it near impossible to destroy. I remember watching a documentary where they showed how they were going to build it. I remember them saying the stairwells are wider with oxygen being pumped into the air and automatic safety features installed for emergencies. It is an impressive building that symbolizes us still stand as one nation under God; and also represents all the innocent’s lives lost for no reason. Part 6: Taylor Swift – Long Live song Taylor Swift at just the age of twenty, She is simply a young, brilliant, and stunning singer. She has released 3 albums all of which have had hit singles. Though it was only 4 years from her debut to her most recent album Speak Now, her music shows how much she has grown as a person and as a singer ; with each song written so beautifully, it is amazing to believe it was written by a twenty year old. This is one of my favorite songs on the album. It means a lot to me, looking back at my life and remembering how it felt and what the journey was to get here. It is deep and profound and makes me happy inside can explain. Part 7: Shrek Fairy tales don’t always follow the same boring pattern; beautiful princess falls in love with her prince charming and they live happily ever after. The movie Shrek, an ogre and a beautiful princess fall in love, though this beautiful princess has a secret; her secret is that by day she is a beautiful princess, and by night she’s an ogre. Shrek thought she was beautiful as a human and as an ogre; this hidden message is shown as beauty is in the eye of the beholder. Also in the movie, another implied message is that people are prejudice to stereotypes. Though, once you truly know someone, it can be really wonderful and life changing. Though this fairy tale isn’t like the average fairy tale, it still has implied and hidden messages. Shrek displays many of these, each were carefully thought out and written to match the others perfectly. Even though Princess Fiona didn’t end up beautiful in the way she thought, Shrek still thought she was beautiful as an ogre. Being beautiful to someone can mean more than being beautiful to everyone. Donkey may have been very annoying in the beginning, but Shrek learned that he was a true friend, even when he judged him from the beginning Donkey reminded Shrek who he loved and wanted, which changed his life forever. Friendships can last forever, and can have many impacts on a person. Part 8: The I Pad I chose the I Pad (portable computer), to leave in my time capsule. This electronic device is where you store all of your information. I’m sure you have something much more advanced, but this was quite the item back in my day. It is portable and most people use them when they are in school, working, or to read. This is the technology of the 21st century; the I Pad is just one of the devices owned by Apple. They are also responsible for bringing us the iPod for music, the iPhone cellular device of our century and the Mac Book (laptop). They are the most expensive devices, but they are very impressive machines. This company (Apple) owns the electronics of our time. References: Net for beginners References: Retrieved from http://netforbeginners.about.com/od/i/f/What-Is-The-Internet.ht./ Fox news References: Retrieved from http://www.foxnews.com/health/2012/10/18/new-mart-bra-could-detect- breast-cancer/#ixzz29xjyPhGM Bibliography Imdb.com Shrek (2001) References: Retrieved from2012/10/18 – Memorable quotesImdb.com (1990) Shrek (2001) – Memorable Biography References: Retrieved from, 2012/10/18http://www.biograph.com/people/osama-bin-laden-37172quotes. Online Available at: http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0126029/quotes You tube; References: Retrieved from, 2012/10/18 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gidYacgDeH8 Apple; References: Retrieved from, 2012/10/18 http://www.apple.com/ipad/features/

Free Essays on War

Peace: it’s wonderful. Everyone likes it as much as the next man, and have none wish to be willfully gloomy at a moment when optimism about the future shape of the world abounds. My thesis in this essay is that we will soon regret the passing of the Cold War. I intend to show that it will not be the by-products of the Cold War - such as the Korean and Vietnam - that we will miss, but the order that it brought to the area of international relations. To be sure, no one will want to replay the U-2 affair, the Cuban missile crisis, or the building of the Berlin Wall. And no one will want to revisit the domestic Cold War, with its purges and loyalty oaths, its xenophobia and stifling of dissent. We will not wake up one day to discover fresh wisdom in the collected fulminations of John Foster Dulles. We may, however, wake up one day lamenting the loss of the order that the Cold War gave to the anarchy of international relations. For untamed anarchy is what Europe knew in the forty -five years of this century before the Cold War, and untamed anarchy- Hobbes’ war of all against all - is a prime cause of armed conflict. Those who think that armed conflicts among the European states are now out of the question, that the two world wars burned all the war out of Europe, are projecting unwarranted optimism onto the future. The theories of peace that implicitly undergird this optimism are notably shallow constructs. They stand up to neither logical nor historical analysis. One would not want to bet the farm on their prophetic accuracy. The world is about to conduct a vast test of the theories of war and peace put forward by social scientists, who never dreamed that their ideas would be tested by the world-historic events announced almost daily in newspaper headlines. This social scientist is willing to put his theoretical cards on the table as he ventures predictions about the future of Europe. In the process, alternative theories of war an... Free Essays on War Free Essays on War After reading the article â€Å"Lessons From Yesterday’s Frontier Wars for Tomorrows Asymmetric Conflicts,† one thing was left unclear to me. Are we finding ways to practice asymmetric combat or are we training for ways to counter the opposing force? As I began reading, it seemed like we were learning ways from the Indians on the most effective ways to attack or defend. However, as I continued reading it appeared as if the writer is concerned that we one day be the culprit of asymmetric warfare. We are studying ways to respond to asymmetric tactics under the impression that our enemies will use this type of warfare in their defense because they will most likely be on familiar land and not have the technology that could match up to a dominating military such as our own. While talking to my best friend Pat who is in the Marines told me a story to give me a little better understanding of the concept of asymmetric warfare: Two countries are at war. One decides to attack the other. Its tanks, in regular columns, cross the border between the two combatants. However, its approach to war and its approach to the border have been constantly and comprehensively monitored by the defending side. Suddenly, without warning, small missiles silently attack the invading tanks. Each missile hovers momentarily above the tanks, selects one and attacks it by firing a high-speed projectile at the weakest part-the turret and engine cover. The deadly accurate missiles are very selective: they don't attack any tank that has been selected for attack by another missile. These missiles are fired from 30 to 40 kilometers away, far beyond the range of the tank's guns. Few survivors crawl out of the burning wrecks, since red-hot pieces of metal ricochet around inside and hot, suffocating gases spread rapidly throughout. Only three of the tanks survive. Their morale shattered, the crews decide to retreat. â€Å"Asymmetric warfare,'' referrers to an enemy who ... Free Essays on War What exactly is history? The dictionary defines it as â€Å"A chronological record of events, as of the life or development of a people or institution, often including an explanation of or commentary on those events†. If this is all that history is, why does it always seem to arouse so much controversy? Also, who decides on the point of view that goes into these historical documents that are written everyday? Unless you’ve witnessed the event first hand, you’re relying on someone else to get the story to you. These views can sometimes be partially biased or distorted. History is told through the mouths of many, but a person only knows the one hundred percent truth if they’ve witnessed the event themselves. This is where the problems occur, especially when people evaluate wartime history and events. One of the most controversial issues involving wartime history and events would have to be the Smithsonian Institutions push to display the Enola Gay to mark the 50th anniversary of the dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The exhibit stirred great controversy because many felt that it was biased and benefitted the Japanese. People believed that it would distort history by making the U.S. look like the aggressor, or the bad guy, during the war while Japan would be depicted as the victims who unknowingly had two bombs dropped upon them. As of now, history states that on December 7, 1941 the U.S. without warning was attacked by the Japanese in Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii. To retaliate, the U.S. dropped a bomb on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945 and then on Nagasaki on August 9, 1945 without warning as well. These views on history could have very easily been altered if they had gone on and displayed the exhibit the way it was supposed to be displayed, which they did not . As history will tell you, the Smithsonian revamped the whole exhibit and left nothing more but just the Enola Gay cockpit and brief videotape for al... Free Essays on War Peace: it’s wonderful. Everyone likes it as much as the next man, and have none wish to be willfully gloomy at a moment when optimism about the future shape of the world abounds. My thesis in this essay is that we will soon regret the passing of the Cold War. I intend to show that it will not be the by-products of the Cold War - such as the Korean and Vietnam - that we will miss, but the order that it brought to the area of international relations. To be sure, no one will want to replay the U-2 affair, the Cuban missile crisis, or the building of the Berlin Wall. And no one will want to revisit the domestic Cold War, with its purges and loyalty oaths, its xenophobia and stifling of dissent. We will not wake up one day to discover fresh wisdom in the collected fulminations of John Foster Dulles. We may, however, wake up one day lamenting the loss of the order that the Cold War gave to the anarchy of international relations. For untamed anarchy is what Europe knew in the forty -five years of this century before the Cold War, and untamed anarchy- Hobbes’ war of all against all - is a prime cause of armed conflict. Those who think that armed conflicts among the European states are now out of the question, that the two world wars burned all the war out of Europe, are projecting unwarranted optimism onto the future. The theories of peace that implicitly undergird this optimism are notably shallow constructs. They stand up to neither logical nor historical analysis. One would not want to bet the farm on their prophetic accuracy. The world is about to conduct a vast test of the theories of war and peace put forward by social scientists, who never dreamed that their ideas would be tested by the world-historic events announced almost daily in newspaper headlines. This social scientist is willing to put his theoretical cards on the table as he ventures predictions about the future of Europe. In the process, alternative theories of war an... Free Essays on War Keeley’s is attempting to prove that primitive warfare throughout history has been effective and occasionally more successful than civilized methods. Throughout Chapter five of â€Å"War Before Civilization†, evidence is displayed showing the different success rates of primitive warfare compared to its civilized counterpart. Two examples that offer proof to Keeley’s theory are: 1. Julius Caesar’s Roman legion was incapable of conquering England, which was defended by the undisciplined, barbarian hosts of Celts and Germans. Raids and ambush tactics demonstrated by the barbarians deferred a Roman triumph for a century. (A.D.9.) (Pg.72) 2. During the Battle of Little Big Horn, two hundred U.S. soldiers led by Colonel Custer were ambushed and defeated by one thousand and eight hundred Sioux and Cheyenne warriors. (1866) (Pg.73) Certainly, aspects of primitive warfare have had high success rates throughout war and history, yet the majority of Keely’s examples are only of individual battles. The majority of Primitive societies lack the required population, food, and artillery to win the war. Attempting to differentiate the success rate of primitive and civilized warfare is an unattainable task. While particular historical battles have proved the effectiveness of uncivilized warfare, economic and social resources should be considered in every individual case. Keely’s illustrations and examples of past war patterns disprove the myth that primitive societies will always be defeated by civilized armies in time of war. Proving primitive effectiveness is clearly Keely’s aspiration in Chapter Five. (Pg.71) Keely’s various examples from different centuries demonstrate that primitive warfare has occasionally been victorious in opposition to civilized societies....

Learn the History of Bas-Relief Sculpture

Learn the History of Bas-Relief Sculpture A French term from the Italian basso-relievo (low relief), bas-relief (pronounced bah ree ·leef)  is a sculpture technique in which figures and/or other design elements are just barely more prominent than the (overall flat) background. Bas-relief is only one form of relief sculpture; figures created in high relief appear to be more than halfway raised from their background. Intaglio is another form of relief sculpture in which the sculpture is actually carved into material such as clay or stone. History of Bas-Relief Bas-relief is a technique as old as humankinds artistic explorations and is closely related to high relief. Some of the earliest known bas-reliefs are on the walls of caves. Petroglyphs  were treated with color, as well, which helped to accentuate  the  reliefs. Later, bas-reliefs were added to the surfaces of stone buildings constructed by ancient Egyptians and Assyrians. Relief sculptures can also be found in ancient Greek and Roman sculpture; a famous example is the Parthenon frieze featuring relief sculptures of Poseidon, Apollo, and Artemis. Major works of bas-relief were created around the world; important examples include the temple at Angkor Wat in Thailand, the Elgin Marbles, and images of the elephant, horse, bull, and lion at the Lion Capital of Asoka in India. During the Middle Ages, relief sculpture was popular in churches, with some of the most remarkable examples decorating Romanesque churches in Europe. By the time of the Renaissance, artists were experimenting with combining high and low relief. By sculpting foreground figures in high relief and backgrounds in bas-relief, artists like Donatello were able to suggest perspective. Desiderio da Settignano and Mino da Fiesole executed bas-reliefs in materials such as terracotta and marble, while Michaelangelo created higher-relief works in stone. During the 19th century, bas-relief sculpture was used to create dramatic works such as the sculpture on the Parisian Arc de Triomphe. Later, in the 20th century, reliefs were created by abstract artists. American relief sculptors drew inspiration from Italian works. During the first half of the 19th century, Americans began creating relief works on federal government buildings. Perhaps the best known American bas-relief sculptor was Erastus Dow Palmer, from Albany, New York.   Palmer had been trained as a cameo-cutter, and later created a great many relief sculptures of people and landscapes.   How Bas-Relief Is Created Bas-relief is created either by carving away material (wood, stone, ivory, jade, etc.) or adding material to the top of an otherwise smooth surface (say, strips of clay to stone).   As an example, in the photo, you can see one of Lorenzo Ghibertis (Italian, 1378-1455) panels from the East Doors (commonly known as the Gates of Paradise, thanks to a quote attributed to Michelangelo) of the Baptistery of San Giovanni. Florence, Italy. To create the bas-relief Creation of Adam and Eve, ca. 1435, Ghiberti first carved his design on a thick sheet of wax. He then fitted this with a covering of wet plaster that, once it had dried and the original wax had been melted out, made a fireproof mold into which liquid alloy was poured to recreate his bas-relief sculpture in bronze.

Renewable Energy Systems Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6500 words

Renewable Energy Systems - Research Paper Example astest power manufacturing segments of the world now and there is urgent necessity to minimise the maintenance and operation costs of electricity production. This research essay will make an earnest attempt to elucidate the wind and hydropower generation of manoeuvres of both Australian and Bangladesh government, in particular, to minimise the global warming and of that USA, China, Brazil, Russia and Canadian governments in general by giving unique attention to various empirical studies and eminent authors’ views on the subject. 1-Introduction Both wind energy and hydropower comprises of the renewable energy mix, these bring a lot of economic, technical and environmental advantages both to the developed and developing nations. Energy policy makers all around the world are now paying great attention to harness the renewable energy as they have a duty to safeguard the environment thereby by restricting greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. Both wind energy and hydropower are resources which are abundantly available all around the globe, the technology has been well advanced and proven technology, are having longest plant life and lowest operating cost and the plant life can be extended at minimal costs .This research essay will analyse the hydropower and wind energy capabilities of Australia and Bangladesh in an exhaustive manner and that of USA, China, Russia, Brazil and Venezuela in a crisp. 2-â€Å"What is Hydropower?† As of date, hydropower is the largest renewable-energy source and about 16% of the globe’s electricity needs is catered by the hydropower and hydropower occupies about 80% of the globe’s renewable-energy resource. For 90% of their electricity needs, about 25 countries in the globe are now relying on the hydropower. For example, about 99.3%... This essay stresses that Australian government has set a target of 20% of Australian electricity needs to be catered from the renewable- energy sources by the year 2020. As this is an ambitious target, this can be achieved by developing and harnessing more percentage of energies from hydropower and wind farms. Hydropower is environmental friendly as it creates no pollution and maintains the stream flow of the rivers and the ecological balance. With the help of micro hydropower projects, tiny villages and remote hilly areas can be given electricity through off-grid, which would definitely help to enhance the socioeconomic growth of these remote regions. This paper makes a conclusion that Hydropower as one of the renewable energy helps to avoid about 225 million tons of CO2 emissions in the atmosphere in the USA, and this is equivalent to taking about 42 million cars out of the American roads. According to satellite imagery , the pacific Northwest which is the home of the majority of the hydropower projects in USA is an island of low carbon emission, and this is conclusive proof that hydropower can reduce the CO2 emission into the atmosphere. Thus, renewable energy like wind energy and hydropower are the energies of the future and both Australian and Bangladesh government energy policy makers should give more priority in the near future to these sectors so as to afford a clean, economical and environmental friendly energy to its citizens.